D.C. Red No. 9

Also Known As:

5-chloro-2-((2-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)azo)-4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid; CI Pigment Red 53 barium salt; D&C Red No. 8; D.C. Red No. 9, barium salt (2:1); D.C. Red No. 9, calcium salt (2:1); D.C. Red No. 9, monosodium salt; D.C. Red No. 9, strontium salt (2:1); DC Red No. 8; Lake Red C; Pigment Red 53-1; Red Lake C; barium 5-chloro-2-((2-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)azo)-4-methylbenzenesulfonate

Networked: 4 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 1 trials/studies)

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Organic Chemicals: 133
- Azo Compounds: 333
  - D.C. Red No. 9: 4

Experts

1.	Møller, P: 1 article (01/2000)
2.	Wallin, H: 1 article (01/2000)

Related Diseases

1.	Carcinogenesis 05/01/1982 - "Carcinogenesis Bioassay of D & C Red No. 9 (CAS No. 5160-02-1) in F344 Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Study)." 05/01/1982 - "A carcinogenesis bioassay of D & C Red No. 9, a pigment used in topical drugs and cosmetics, was conducted by feeding diets containing 1,000 or 3,000 ppm of the test substance (89.8% pure) to groups of 50 F344 rats of either sex for 103 weeks. "
2.	Sarcoma (Soft Tissue Sarcoma) 05/01/1982 - "Under the conditions of this bioassay, D & C Red No. 9 was carcinogenic for male F344 rats causing an increased incidence of sarcomas of the spleen and a dose-related increase in neoplastic nodules of the liver. " 10/01/1985 - "Splenotoxicity associated with splenic sarcomas in rats fed high doses of D & C Red No. 9 or aniline hydrochloride." 07/01/1984 - "Splenic fibrosis and sarcomas in F344 rats fed diets containing aniline hydrochloride, p-chloroaniline, azobenzene, o-toluidine hydrochloride, 4,4'-sulfonyldianiline, or D & C red No. 9." 10/01/1985 - "A histopathologic review of F344 rat spleens from the National Toxicology Program-National Cancer Institute bioassays of barium salt of 5-chloro-2-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-azo-4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid [(D & C Red No. 9) CAS: 516-00-21] and aniline HCI (CAS: 142-04-1) was conducted to assess splenotoxic changes associated with splenic sarcomas induced by these aromatic amines. "
3.	Hyperplasia 05/01/1982 - "Lymphoreticular hyperplasia of thymic lymph nodes was found in 75-100% of females receiving 6,000-50,000 ppm D & C Red No. 9 and in 70-100% of male rats receiving 3,000-25,000 ppm. Hemosiderosis of the liver was observed at the high-dose levels in male and female rats. " 10/01/1985 - "Four splenic changes--fatty metamorphosis (FM), splenic fibrosis (FIB), capsule hyperplasia (CH), and hemorrhage--were markedly increased in incidence and severity in males treated with high doses of either D & C Red No. 9 or aniline HCI. "
4.	Fibrosis (Cirrhosis) 10/01/1985 - "Four splenic changes--fatty metamorphosis (FM), splenic fibrosis (FIB), capsule hyperplasia (CH), and hemorrhage--were markedly increased in incidence and severity in males treated with high doses of either D & C Red No. 9 or aniline HCI. " 07/01/1984 - "Splenic fibrosis and sarcomas in F344 rats fed diets containing aniline hydrochloride, p-chloroaniline, azobenzene, o-toluidine hydrochloride, 4,4'-sulfonyldianiline, or D & C red No. 9."
5.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2000 - "C.I. Pigment red 53:1 is not genotoxic, and observations of spleen tumors in male rats but not in female rats or mice seem to be related to toxic effects of high doses of C.I. Pigment red 53:1 in this organ. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	aniline (aniline hydrobromide)
2.	Salts
3.	Cosmetics
4.	Capsules (Microcapsules)
5.	Barium
6.	Amines
7.	Acids
8.	2-toluidine (o-toluidine)
9.	azobenzene
10.	4-chloroaniline