germanium oxide

12/07/2020 - "The decomposed Bi2O3 (P3[combining macron]m1) and GeO2 (P3121) in the lithiation process of Bi4Ge3O12 are the active materials to react with the Li atoms via a conversion reaction. "
05/26/2015 - "The superior electrochemical performance in m-Ge/GeO2/C arises from the highly improved kinetics of conversion reaction due to the synergistic effects of the mesoporous structures and the conductive carbon and metallic Ge. "
03/13/2013 - "This good electrochemical performance is related to the fact that the elemental germanium nanoparticles present in the composite increases the reversibility of the conversion reaction of GeO2. "
03/25/2020 - "Furthermore, the hydroxyl groups (Co-OH) of CGH nanoplates are regulated by thermal annealing treatments, thus controlling the capacity contribution resulting from the electrocatalytic conversion reaction of LiOH to exactly offset the capacity fading of GeO2. "
09/21/2023 - "Germanium oxide (GeO2) is a high theoretical capacity electrode material due to its alloying and conversion reaction. "

09/01/2001 - "The pathogenesis of experimental model of mitochondrial myopathy induced by germanium dioxide."
02/01/1999 - "Characteristic mitochondrial myopathy was induced in the groups treated daily with 10 mg/kg of GeO2 or more. "
02/01/1999 - "Enzyme histochemical study of germanium dioxide-induced mitochondrial myopathy in rats."
02/01/1999 - "In conclusion, the results were as follows: 1) The earliest pathological change on electron microscope was the abnormalities of mitochondrial shape, size and increased number of mitochondria; 2) The earliest pathological change on light microscope was the presence of ragged red fibers which showed enhanced subsarcolemmal succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase reactivity; 3) GeO2 seemed to affect the mitochondrial oxidative metabolism of muscle fibers; 4) GeO2 could induce mitochondrial myopathy with 10 mg/kg of GeO2 for 4 weeks or less duration in rats."

01/01/2019 - "After being loaded onto macrophages, Ge/GeO2 could be delivered to tumors in a targeted fashion. "
01/01/2019 - "The development of photoactive nanomaterials with high biocompatibility for targeted tumor phototherapy is of great significance for antitumor applications; this study presents a novel phototherapeutic agent, the Ge/GeO2 complex, which shows broad photoabsorption in the near infrared (NIR) region. "
01/01/2019 - "Combining the abovementioned merits together, macrophage-loaded Ge/GeO2 realized in vivo synergetic photothermal and photodynamic outcomes to completely remove solid tumors in mice via intravenous administration. "
01/01/2019 - "A near-infrared responsive germanium complex of Ge/GeO2 for targeted tumor phototherapy."
05/26/2001 - "In order to detect any protective agent against tumor formation, we examined the anticarcinogenic effect of a germanium dioxide (GeO(2)) using a model system of GJIC in F344 rat liver epithelial cells, named WB cells. "

02/01/1999 - "The purpose of this study were 1) to determine the earliest pathological changes of germanium dioxide (GeO2)-induced myopathy; 2) to determine the pathomechanism of GeO2-induced myopathy; and 3) to determine the minimal dose of GeO2 to induce myopathy in rats. "
01/01/1991 - "The long-term administration of germanium dioxide (GeO2) to rats produced Ge myopathy characterized by the formation of ragged-red fibers. "

09/01/1989 - "Toxic side effects of germanium dioxide contained in drugs that promote health, include nephropathy, anemia and peripheral neuropathy. "
01/01/1990 - "In the rats given GeO2 orally for 10 weeks, similar histological lesions were evident, as manifested by marked weight loss, anemia, azotemia, and negative proteinuria. "
11/01/1991 - "Increased BUN and serum phosphate as well as decreased creatinine clearance, weight loss, anemia and liver dysfunction were apparent at week 24 only in the GeO2 treated group. "
01/01/1991 - "Renal dysfunction, indicated by the increase of blood urea nitrogen and the decrease of creatinine clearance, and systemic toxicity by weight loss, anemia, and hypoproteinemia were more apparent in rats treated with higher dose of GeO2. "