RNA primers

01/01/1998 - "For each trial, three measures of treatment effect were used: (i) 16 week change from baseline in HIV-1 RNA; (ii) 16 week change from baseline in CD4 cell count; and (iii) rate of clinical progression. "

01/01/2019 - "We show that the first transcript made from viral genomes is the virus associated non-coding RNA, in particular we detected abundant levels of virus associated RNA II four hours after infection. "
12/01/1997 - "This RNA, designated RNA II, is observed in a number of different cell lines, both early and late in infection. "
01/01/1978 - "The effect of a number of metabolic inhibitors was determined on: (i) the production of cellular immunity to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice by vaccination with mycobacterial ribonucleic acid (RNA), (Ii) the production of cellular immunity to infection with M. "
09/20/1990 - "The following hypothesis is presented: most, possibly all, of the extra branching induced by removal of gene 6 exonuclease is caused by strand displacement DNA synthesis at the site of RNA primers of DNA synthesis; the RNA primers, produced by multiple initiations of DNA replication, are removed by the RNase H activity of gene 6 exonuclease during a wild-type T7 infection. "
07/01/1979 - "We found that, during the acute infection in vitro, (i) viral mRNA's amount to only 0.1% of the total cytoplasmic RNA, (ii) 20% of the total cytoplasmic viral RNA is found in polyribosomes, and (iii) three viral mRNA's can be identified by sucrose gradient sedimentation or polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. "

01/01/2009 - "An unusual feature of influenza viral -messenger RNA (mRNA) synthesis is its dependence upon host cell mRNAs as a source of capped RNA primers. "
02/25/1980 - "RNA primers and the role of host nuclear RNA polymerase II in influenza viral RNA transcription."
04/17/2001 - "The cap-dependent endonuclease of the influenza viral RNA polymerase, which produces the capped RNA primers that initiate viral mRNA synthesis, is comprised of two active sites, one for cap binding and one for endonuclease cleavage. "
09/01/1996 - "The RNA-binding domains of the NS1 proteins of these influenza A and B viruses share the following properties: (i) they specifically bind to the same three RNA targets, poly(A), U6 snRNA, and double-stranded (ds) RNA; (ii) a polypeptide containing an amino-terminal sequence of the protein possesses all the RNA-binding activity of the full-length protein and exists in the form of a dimer; (iii) the binding to U6 snRNA causes an inhibition of pre-mRNA splicing in vitro; and (iv) the binding to dsRNA blocks the activation of the PKR kinase in vitro. "

02/18/2005 - "Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) participates in removal of RNA primers of Okazaki fragments, several DNA repair pathways, and genome stability maintenance. "
01/01/2022 - "Here we review the types of RNA-DNA hybrids, including R-loops, RNA primers, and ribonucleotide misincorporations, that form during DNA replication and transcription and discuss how each type of hybrid can contribute to genome instability in bacteria. "

09/01/1996 - "Bacteriophage P4's superinfection immunity mechanism is unique among those of other known bacteriophages in several respects: (i) the P4 immunity factor is not a protein but a short, stable RNA (CI RNA); (ii) in the prophage the expression of the replication operon is prevented by premature transcription termination rather than by repression of transcription initiation; (iii) transcription termination is controlled via RNA-RNA interactions between the CI RNA and two complementary target sequences on the nascent transcript; and (iv) the CI RNA is produced by processing of the same transcript it controls. "
03/01/1985 - "Superinfection of these cells with standard Semliki Forest virus showed that (i) the synthesis of SFV genomic RNA is marginally if at all affected by the svDI301 RNA, (ii) the svDI301 RNA is not replicated by SFV-RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and (iii) packaging efficiency of the standard SFV genome RNA into virions is clearly decreased in the presence of svDI301 RNA. "