erythrogenic toxin

appears to be bacteriophage-encoded and released by bacteria during bacteriophage induction; group of extracellular proteins made by group A Streptococci; induces scarlet fever & may be responsible for a toxic-shock syndrome-like disease; may be same as group A mitogen (see related record)

Also Known As:

SPE-1 protein, Streptococcus pyogenes; SpeF protein, Streptococcus pyogenes; SpeF toxin, Streptococcus pyrogenes; Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin F; exotoxin type C protein, Streptococcus pyogenes; scarlatinal toxin; speB protein, Streptococcus pyogenes; speC protein, Streptococcus pyogenes; streptococcal erythrogenic toxin; streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin; streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B; streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin I; streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C

Networked: 105 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 5 trials/studies)

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Kuo, Chih-Feng: 8 articles (01/2016 - 05/2004)
2.	Lin, Yee-Shin: 7 articles (01/2016 - 05/2004)
3.	Chuang, Woei-Jer: 6 articles (01/2016 - 05/2004)
4.	Wu, Jiunn-Jong: 5 articles (01/2016 - 05/2004)
5.	Tsao, Nina: 5 articles (01/2015 - 01/2006)
6.	Rincon, Jaimar: 4 articles (05/2009 - 06/2003)
7.	Liu, Ching-Chuan: 3 articles (01/2016 - 05/2004)
8.	Mosquera, Jesus: 3 articles (05/2009 - 01/2006)
9.	Viera, Ninoska: 3 articles (05/2009 - 01/2006)
10.	Oda, Takashi: 2 articles (03/2022 - 09/2010)

Related Diseases

1.	Infections 01/01/2016 - "Previous study indicated that streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SPE B) reduces phagocytic activity in group A streptococcus (GAS) infection. " 09/15/2001 - "This study compared the pathology and infection pattern of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B-positive (SpeB(+)) and SpeB-negative (SpeB(-)) isogenic variants of an M1 isolate of Streptococcus pyogenes in a mouse skin air sac model. " 07/10/2023 - "Hyper-virulent streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SpeB) negative variants caused by covRS mutations are enriched during infection. " 01/01/2013 - "Determining antibody-binding site of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B to protect mice from group a streptococcus infection." 11/30/2001 - "The streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SpeB) is an important factor in mediating Streptococcus pyogenes infections. "
2.	Scarlet Fever 12/01/1926 - "STUDIES IN SCARLET FEVER: I. The Amount of Scarlatinal Toxin in the Blood of Patients with Scarlet Fever." 08/01/1987 - "Reference strains of Streptococcus pyogenes and strains from recent epidemics and sporadic cases of scarlet fever were examined for their ability to produce erythrogenic toxin type A (ET A) by ELISA and double immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony) using an anti-ET A antibody purified by affinity chromatography. " 09/01/1983 - "The high prevalence of erythrogenic, toxin-producing strains is difficult to reconcile with the epidemiologic behavior of scarlet fever; the variations may be due to quantitative differences in toxin production or to a shift from the early scarlet fever-associated strains that produce A toxin to the currently prevalent strains that produce B and C toxins. " 04/01/2011 - "Scarlet fever, due to infection with an erythrogenic toxin-producing Group A streptococcus, is an uncommon and generally mild illness, although serious sequelae do occur. " 06/01/1993 - "Erythrogenic toxin type A (ETA) is assumed to play a causative role in both scarlet fever and the streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (TSLS). "
3.	Necrotizing Fasciitis 06/01/1998 - "This study evaluated a PCR assay for detection of the streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (speB) gene from tissue biopsy specimens of patients with necrotizing fasciitis. " 06/01/1998 - "Diagnosis of group A streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis by using PCR to amplify the streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B gene." 02/29/2000 - "We have determined the crystal structure of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SpeB), a cysteine protease that is a major virulence factor of the human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes and participates in invasive disease episodes, including necrotizing fasciitis. "
4.	Septic Shock (Toxic Shock Syndrome) 04/01/2005 - "Previously, we have performed T typing of Streptococcus pyogenes strains isolated from patients with streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) in Japan, and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin (SPE) typing for epidemiological examination. " 08/01/1994 - "Possible synergistic effects of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin C." 03/01/1993 - "Staphylococcus aureus toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 and Streptococcus pyogenes erythrogenic toxin A modulate inflammatory mediator release from human neutrophils." 12/15/1992 - "Thus, it is difficult to define a specific role for erythrogenic toxin B in toxic shock-like syndrome as there was no clear correlation between this disease and the presence of toxin genes. " 12/15/1992 - "In contrast to reports indicating that 85% of the toxic shock-like syndrome-associated isolates contained the erythrogenic toxin A gene, only 58.5% of our strains harboured this gene. "
5.	Streptococcal Infections (Streptococcal Infection) 01/01/2015 - "Application of the C3-binding motif of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B to protect mice from invasive group a streptococcal infection." 02/01/2007 - "Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SPE B) is a virulent factor in group A streptococcal infection. " 11/01/2006 - "Severe, invasive group A streptococcal infections have reemerged worldwide, and extracellular toxins, including streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SpeB), have been implicated in pathogenesis. " 05/01/2004 - "Histopathologic changes in kidney and liver correlate with streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B production in the mouse model of group A streptococcal infection." 08/01/1998 - "Role of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B in the mouse model of group A streptococcal infection."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Delayed-Action Preparations
2.	Cysteine Proteases (Cysteine Protease)
3.	Superantigens
4.	Streptococcus pyogenes SpeA protein
5.	Virulence Factors (Pathogenicity Factors)
6.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
7.	Antigens
8.	plasmin receptor
9.	erythrogenic toxin
10.	Cytokines