bone meal

10/01/2007 - "Assuming that feed-borne sources of infection no longer exist, and that BSE does not occur spontaneously, our models suggest that it would have been possible to raise the minimum age for rapid tests to 66 months in early 2006, whereas theoretical reasoning, based on the assumption that the total meat and bone meal ban was effective in November 2001, suggests that this age cutoff could only be raised to 48 months in early 2006. "
06/01/2012 - "In the Republic of Ireland, a reinforced feed ban on mammalian meat and bone meal (MMBM) was introduced on 17th October 1996 to stop further infection of cattle. "
11/01/2010 - "The ban on meat and bone meal in livestock feed and the removal of specified risk materials from the food chain were the main measures to successfully prevent infection in cattle and to protect human beings from BSE exposure. "
07/01/2008 - "Several epidemiological studies across countries suggest that the feedborne source related to meat and bone meal (MBM) is the only substantiated route of infection - even after the feed ban -, while it is not possible to exclude maternal transmission or milk replacers as a source of some infections. "
08/01/2005 - "Following case studies and case-control surveys, the role of meat and bone meal (MBM) as the source of infection for cattle has been well established. "

09/01/2020 - "This feeding study investigated the hypothesis that over-processing of meat and bone meal (MBM) would impair the performance, gut health and ileal digestibility of nutrients in birds challenged with necrotic enteritis (NE). "
03/01/2021 - "This study was conducted to determine the effect of necrotic enteritis (NE), phytase level and meat and bone meal (MBM) processing on bone mineralization of broilers and litter quality. "
03/01/2021 - "Over-processed meat and bone meal and phytase effects on broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis: Part 3. Bone mineralization and litter quality."
09/01/2020 - "Over-processed meat and bone meal and phytase effects on broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis: Part 1. Performance, intestinal lesions and pH, bacterial counts and apparent ileal digestibility."
03/01/2020 - "This study investigated the influence of meat and bone meal (MBM), phytase, and antibiotics (AB) on the performance, intestinal pH, ileal digestibility, cecal microbiota, and tibial mineralization in Ross 308 broilers challenged with necrotic enteritis (NE). "

05/01/1997 - "The study chosen as an example was undertaken to investigate the transmission of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) to calves and the role of the inclusion of meat and bonemeal in proprietary feedstuffs. "
01/01/2022 - "Usage of meat and bone meal in animal, poultry and fish feeds: A survey and risk analysis for the occurrence of bovine spongiform encephalopathy in Bangladesh."
01/01/2016 - "The recent emergence of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) resulted in the elimination of most of the traditional uses of rendered animal meals such as blood meal, meat and bone meal (MBM) as animal feed with significant economic losses for the entire sector. "
12/01/2015 - "The second was Mad cow disease in the United Kingdom then in France, followed by new variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob human epidemics, paradigmatic food safety crisis bringing together the poles of production (beef and meat-and-bone meal) and consumption, and leading to an unexpected social bang. "
10/28/2015 - "Sheep are susceptible to the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) agent and in the UK they may have been exposed to BSE via contaminated meat and bone meal. "

05/01/1992 - "These studies therefore support the initial hypothesis that BSE occurred as a result of exposure to a scrapie-like agent via meat and bonemeal."
02/01/2001 - "BSE, first identified in the UK in 1986 is thought to have arisen from feeding scrapie infected Meat and Bone Meal (MBM), produced under sub-optimal conditions, to cattle. "
10/01/1993 - "Epidemiological studies show that cattle suddenly became effectively exposed to a scrapie-like agent in ruminant-derived feed in the form of meat and bone meal in 1981/2. Most cases have occurred in Holstein Friesian dairy cattle and have been exposed as calves. "
09/01/1991 - "The factors that contributed to this increase were an increasing sheep population, possibly an increase in the prevalence of scrapie and changes in the industrial processing of animal waste to prepare meat and bone meal. "
01/01/1991 - "Epidemiological data are consistent with an extended common source epidemic originating from an abrupt change, commencing in 1981-82, in the exposure of domestic cattle to a scrapie-like agent in meat and bone meal incorporated into commercial animal feedstuffs. "

04/01/2014 - "In conclusion, crystalline AA can replace fish meal, meat and bone meal, and poultry byproduct meal when balanced for SID AA ratios of Met and Cys:Lys (58%), Thr:Lys (62%), Trp:Lys (16.5%), Val:Lys (65%), and Ile:Lys (52%). "
03/01/2011 - "The standardized ileal digestibility (SID) values of the wheat distillers dried grains with solubles and meat and bone meal (56.5 and 72.0% SID for lysine, respectively) were measured before the experiment to improve the accuracy of the diet formulations. "
07/01/2020 - "The objective of this study was to compare the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in 3 poultry by-products including hydrolyzed feather meal (HFM), flash dried poultry protein (FDPP), and poultry meal (PM) and also a meat and bone meal (MBM) between broiler chickens and pigs. "
11/21/2018 - "The aim of this study was to investigate the additivity of apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) in mixed diets containing wheat, canola meal (CM), meat and bone meal (MBM), and sorghum distillers' dried grains with solubles (DDGS) fed to pigs with chromic oxide (Cr2O3) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) as digestibility index markers. "