4-hydroxyestradiol

11/01/2019 - "The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of long-term exposure with 4-hydroxyestradiol (4-OHE2) on acquired cancer characteristics of human mammary epithelial MCF-10A cells. "
11/01/2019 - "Long-term exposure of 4-hydroxyestradiol induces the cancer cell characteristics via upregulating CYP1B1 in MCF-10A cells."
06/01/1997 - "4-Hydroxyestradiol is a potent inducer of tumors in hamsters. "
04/16/1996 - "An elevated ratio of 4-/2-hydroxyestradiol formation in neoplastic mammary tissue may therefore provide a useful marker of benign or malignant breast tumors and may indicate a mechanistic role of 4-hydroxyestradiol in tumor development."
10/01/2002 - "Significantly greater amounts of both 2- and 4-hydroxyestradiol, along with a marked increase of 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone (OHE(1)), were observed in cancer with respect to normal breast tissues. "

04/16/1996 - "An elevated ratio of 4-/2-hydroxyestradiol formation in neoplastic mammary tissue may therefore provide a useful marker of benign or malignant breast tumors and may indicate a mechanistic role of 4-hydroxyestradiol in tumor development."
02/20/2005 - "The aim of this study was to determine whether reactive oxygen species generated by 4-hydroxyestradiol (4-OHE(2)) can activate MMP-2 and then enhance the invasiveness of breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 in vitro. "
02/20/2005 - "Invasiveness of breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 through extracellular matrix is increased by the estradiol metabolite 4-hydroxyestradiol."
10/01/2003 - "In breast cancer, estrogen metabolism is altered favouring the accumulation of 2- and 4-hydroxyestradiol (2- and 4-OHE(2)). "
04/01/2010 - "Human cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1B1 is a key enzyme in the metabolism of 17beta-estradiol, and CYP1B1-metabolized 4-hydroxyestradiol is a marker for breast cancer. "

03/01/2003 - "Experimental studies are warranted to determine the relations of hyperhomocysteinemia with the altered circulating or tissue levels of 4-hydroxyestradiol and 2-methoxyestradiol and also with the altered risk for estrogen-induced hormonal cancer."

01/01/2019 - "4-Hydroxyestradiol (4-OH-E2) was found to induce malignant transformation of breast cells and tumorigenesis in nude mice. "
01/01/2023 - "Moreover, exposure to 4-hydroxyestradiol induces cellular DNA damage and genomic instability that could lead to tumorigenesis. "
06/01/2000 - "Since 4-hydroxyestradiol has been implicated in hormonal carcinogenesis and CYP1B1 is expressed in target tissues, the data presented demonstrate that polymorphisms in CYP1B1 have the potential to affect disease susceptibility."
12/01/2009 - "2-Hydroxyestradiol and 4-hydroxyestradiol are implicated in tumorigenesis via two pathways. "
03/01/1990 - "The O-methylation of 4-hydroxyestradiol is inhibited by 2-hydroxyestradiol: implications for estrogen-induced carcinogenesis."

04/01/2004 - "The Val432 allele has a higher efficiency of conversion of estradiol to 4-hydroxyestradiol and has been reported to increase the risk of ovarian cancer. "
01/01/2013 - "In vitro, minocycline was found to significantly suppress both constitutive and IL-1β or 4-hydroxyestradiol (4-OH-E2)-stimulated IL-6 expression in human ovarian cancer cells; OVCAR-3, SKOV-3 and CAOV-3. "
01/01/2014 - "However, little is known about the actions of biologically active metabolites of E2β, 2-hydroxyestradiol (2OHE2), 4-hydroxyestradiol (4OHE2), 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2), and 4-methoxyestradiol (4ME2) synthesized sequentially by cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A (CYP1A1) and B (CYP1B1), polypeptide 1, and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) on ovarian cancer. "