DSP 4 (DSP-4)

01/01/1991 - "Moreover, these compounds have also been shown to be effective in reversing passive avoidance memory deficits in animals with nbM lesions and treated with the noradrenergic toxin DSP-4. "
01/01/2023 - "Young mice treated with DSP-4 showed impaired attention in the presence of distractor and memory deficits in the 5-choice serial reaction time test (5-CSRTT). "
02/01/2012 - "DSP4 treatment in APP/PS1 mice resulted in an exacerbation of short term olfactory memory deficits and more discrete weakening of olfactory discrimination abilities, suggesting that LC degeneration contributes to olfactory deficits observed in AD. "
12/01/2009 - "Four weeks of exposure to novel cage stress induced a memory deficit in the object recognition task which was prevented by DSP-4 pre-treatment (50 mg/kg 1 week before the commencement of stress).These findings indicate that chronic environmental stress adversely affects recognition memory and that this effect is, in part, mediated by the noradrenergic stress response. "
06/01/1997 - "Both noradrenaline and salbutamol were effective in ameliorating the memory deficits caused by DSP-4 treatment, and in consolidating weakly reinforced training. "

11/01/2022 - "Similarly, DSP-4 pre-treatment alleviated neuroinflammation and improved cognitive function. "
01/01/2023 - "DSP-4 (two doses of 50 mg/kg, one week apart) induced LC axon degeneration, triggered neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, and reduced tissue NE levels. "
12/01/2019 - "In regards of neuroinflammation, reactive microglia were found over the substantia nigra after DSP4 treatment. "
01/01/2019 - "In contrast, neuroinflammation in the CeA and DR were greatly augmented selectively in DSP-4 treated rats with a history of social defeat. "
01/01/2018 - "By 10 months, the hippocampal neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration typically observed in unlesioned P301S mice were exacerbated by DSP-4, and mortality was also accelerated. "

05/03/1982 - "Furthermore, post-decapitation convulsions were eliminated in DSP-4 treated animals. "
04/01/2000 - "Analysis of post-decapitation convulsions (PDCs) indicated loss of the reflex by DSP4 pretreatment. "
05/03/1982 - "The effects of central norepinephrine depletion produced by DSP-4 on drug-induced catalepsy and pot-decapitation convulsions were examined in the rat. "
06/27/2003 - "In the present study, the effect of DSP-4, a neurotoxin highly selective for LC projections, on D(2) receptor abundance as assessed by [3H]-raclopride binding in the striatum was studied in rats after administration in doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg either 3 days or 1 month before decapitation. "
10/01/1992 - "In order to clarify a possible interaction between CCK- and noradrenergic neurotransmission in the brain, DSP-4 [N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine], a neurotoxin that selectively destroys noradrenaline-containing nerve terminals originating from the locus coeruleus, was administered to rats IP (10 and 50 mg/kg) seven days before decapitation. "

02/26/2007 - "TASTPM/Vehicle showed increased astrocytosis and a significantly larger area of cortical amyloid plaque compared with TASTPM/DSP-4. However, by 11 months, NA levels were lowest in TASTPM/DSP-4 and there was a significant reduction in LC TH of TASTPM/DSP-4 only. "
02/26/2007 - "These data reveal that a low dose of DSP-4 can have varied effects on the modulation of amyloid plaque deposition and neuroinflammation in TASTPM mice dependent on the duration of dosing."
02/26/2007 - "Repeated administration of the noradrenergic neurotoxin N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP-4) modulates neuroinflammation and amyloid plaque load in mice bearing amyloid precursor protein and presenilin-1 mutant transgenes."

02/26/2007 - "TASTPM/Vehicle showed increased astrocytosis and a significantly larger area of cortical amyloid plaque compared with TASTPM/DSP-4. However, by 11 months, NA levels were lowest in TASTPM/DSP-4 and there was a significant reduction in LC TH of TASTPM/DSP-4 only. "
02/26/2007 - "Both TASTPM groups had comparable levels of amyloid, microglial activation and astrocytosis and mRNA for inflammatory markers was similar except for interleukin-1 beta which was increased by DSP-4. "