epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine

cross-link in proteins

Also Known As:

GGEL peptide; N(epsilon)-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine; N-epsilon-(gamma-L-glutamyl)lysine; epsilon-(gamma-Glu)-Lys; epsilon-(gamma-L-glutamyl)-L-lysine; epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine; epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine isodipeptide; N(6)-L-gamma-glutamyl-L-lysine

Networked: 32 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 2 trials/studies)

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins: 1
- Peptides: 82426
  - Oligopeptides: 519
    - Dipeptides: 945
      - epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine: 32

Experts

1.	Alge, Claudia S: 2 articles (09/2006 - 07/2005)
2.	Kampik, Anselm: 2 articles (09/2006 - 07/2005)
3.	Neubauer, Aljoscha S: 2 articles (09/2006 - 07/2005)
4.	Priglinger, Siegfried G: 2 articles (09/2006 - 07/2005)
5.	El Nahas, A Meguid: 2 articles (06/2004 - 08/2003)
6.	Griffin, Martin: 2 articles (06/2004 - 08/2003)
7.	Johnson, Timothy S: 2 articles (06/2004 - 08/2003)
8.	El Nahas, A M: 2 articles (01/2004 - 05/2001)
9.	Griffin, M: 2 articles (01/2004 - 05/2001)
10.	Johnson, T S: 2 articles (01/2004 - 05/2001)

Related Diseases

1.	Dementia (Dementias) 05/01/2001 - "The concentration of N(epsilon)(gamma-glutamyl)lysine was measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (n = 14) and vascular type dementia (n = 11) and compared with not demented surgical controls (n = 17). " 02/18/2003 - "Immunohistochemical studies on postmortem brain tissue confirmed the presence of transglutaminase-catalyzed epsilon (gamma-glutamyl)lysine cross-links in the halo of Lewy bodies in Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, colocalizing with alpha-synuclein. "
2.	Parkinson Disease (Parkinson's Disease) 02/18/2003 - "Immunohistochemical studies on postmortem brain tissue confirmed the presence of transglutaminase-catalyzed epsilon (gamma-glutamyl)lysine cross-links in the halo of Lewy bodies in Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, colocalizing with alpha-synuclein. "
3.	Carcinoma (Carcinomatosis) 05/10/1991 - "When used in an immunohistochemical study on cells in culture derived from human carcinoma of the larynx (HEp2) and from chicken embryo cells (CEC), both fixed in acetone, this MAb detected N epsilon (gamma glutamyl) lysine residues in the nucleus. "
4.	Cicatrix (Scar) 06/15/2004 - "tTg and epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl) lysine crosslink correlated with the initiation and progression of scarring on sequential biopsies from renal-allograft recipients who experienced CAN. " 01/01/2004 - "tTg staining correlated with epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine (r = 0.615, p < 0.01) and renal scarring (Masson's trichrome, r = 0.728, p < 0.001). " 08/01/2003 - "Changes in renal tTg and its product, the epsilon(gamma-glutamyl) lysine crosslink, occur in progressive renal scarring in humans independently of the original etiology and in a similar manner to experimental models. " 07/01/2005 - "The absence of transglutaminases and their reaction product epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine in a LASIK-treated cornea supports the idea of missing scar tissue formation after LASIK surgery." 06/15/1997 - "This observed association between tissue transglutaminase, epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl) lysine cross-link, and renal tubulointerstitial scarring in rats submitted to SNx suggests that tissue transglutaminase may play an important role in the development of experimental renal fibrosis and the associated loss of tubule integrity."
5.	Thrombosis (Thrombus) 10/30/1992 - "N epsilon(gamma-glutamyl)lysine crosslinks in the blood clot of the horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus." 11/27/1996 - "Genes from the medicinal leech (Hirudo medicinalis) coding for unusual enzymes that specifically cleave endo-epsilon (gamma-Glu)-Lys isopeptide bonds and help to dissolve blood clots." 03/01/2000 - "Destabilase, endo-epsilon-(gamma-Glu)-Lys isopeptidase from the medicinal leech, inhibits arterial thrombus formation in rats. " 03/15/1995 - "Its components, prostanoid fraction and purified enzyme destabilase, endo-epsilon-(gamma-Glu)-Lys-isopeptidase, also inhibit thrombus formation in statistically different manner, comparing with control. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Transglutaminases
2.	alpha-Synuclein
3.	Acetone
4.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
5.	Enzymes
6.	Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2
7.	tau Proteins (tau Protein)
8.	Polymers
9.	fibrin destabilase
10.	isopeptidase

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Laser In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK)
2.	Trabeculectomy (Trabeculoplasty)
3.	Nephrectomy